904L stainless steel is a non-stabilized austenitic stainless steel with low carbon content. This high alloy stainless steel is added with copper to improve its resistance to strong reducing acids, such as sulfuric acid.
904L is an austenitic stainless steel. It is harder than 316L,and its molybdenum addition gives it superior resistance to localized attack (pitting and crevice corrosion) by chlorides and greater resistance reducing acids; in particular, its copper addition gives it useful corrosion resistance to all concentrations of sulfuric acid. Its high alloying content also gives it greater resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking, but it is still susceptible. Its low carbon content makes it resistant to sensitization by welding and which prevents intergranular corrosion.
It has applications in piping systems, pollution control equipment, heat exchangers, and bleaching systems.
Composition
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Nickel, 23–28%
Chromium, 19–23%
Carbon, 0.02% maximum
Copper, 1–2%
Molybdenum, 4–5%
Manganese, 2% maximum
Silicon, 1.0% maximum
Iron, (balance)
Application
Chemical plant, oil refinery, petrochemical plants, bleaching tanks for the paper industry, combustion gas desulfurisation plants, application in sea water, sulphuric and phosphoric acid. Due to the low C-content, the resistance to intergranular corrosion is also guaranteed in the welded condition.
Processing / Welding
Standard welding processes for this steel grade are:
TIG-Welding
MAG-Welding Solid Wire
Arc Welding (E)
Laser Bean Welding
Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
Reference data on some physical properties
| Density at 20°C kg/m3 | 8.0 | |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal Conductivity W/m K at | 20°C | 12 |
| Modulus of Elasticity kN/mm2 at | 20°C | 195 |
| 200°C | 182 | |
| 400°C | 166 | |
| 500°C | 158 | |
| Specific Thermal Capacity at 20°C J/kg K | 450 | |
| Electrical Resistivity at 20°C Ω mm2/m | 1.0 | |
Grade Specification Comparison
| Grade | UNS No | Old British | Euronorm | Swedish SS | Japanese JIS | ||
| BS | En | No | Name | ||||
| 904L | N08904 | 904S13 | - | 1.4539 | X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-5 | 2562 | - |
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