Chemical composition
| Chemical composition (%, ≤) for shapes | |||||||
| Standard | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cu | Fe |
| ASTM A36/A36M | 0.26 | 0.40 | 1.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 98.0 |
A36 steel in plates, bars, and shapes with a thickness of less than 8 inches (203 millimeters) has a minimum yield strength of 36 ksi (250 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength of 58–80 ksi (400–550 MPa). Plates thicker than 8 inches have a 32 ksi (220 MPa) yield strength and the same ultimate tensile strength of 58–80 ksi (400–550 MPa).[1] The electrical resistance of A36 is 0.142 μΩm at 68 °F (20 °C). A36 bars and shapes maintain their ultimate strength up to 650 °F (343 °C). Above that temperature, the minimum strength drops off from 58 ksi (400 MPa): 54 ksi (370 MPa) at 700 °F (371 °C); 45 ksi (310 MPa) at 750 °F (399 °C); 37 ksi (260 MPa) at 800 °F (427 °C).
Methods of joining
A36 is readily welded by all welding processes. As a result, the most common welding methods for A36 are the cheapest and easiest: shielded metal arc welding (SMAW, or stick welding), gas metal arc welding (GMAW, or MIG welding), and oxyacetylene welding. A36 steel is also commonly bolted and riveted in structural applications. High-strength bolts have largely replaced structural steel rivets. Indeed, the latest steel construction specifications published by AISC (the 15th Edition) no longer covers their installation.
FAQs About A36 Steel
How does A36 steel's low carbon content affect its properties? A36's low carbon content enhances its machinability and weldability but limits the effectiveness of heat treatment and corrosion resistance.
What are the main applications of A36 plates? A36 plates are primarily used in structural applications in buildings, bridges, and oil rigs, as well as in automotive and agricultural applications.
How is A36 carbon steel made? A36 material is made by melting iron ore with coal, burning away impurities, adding alloying elements like manganese and carbon, solidifying into ingots, and then hot rolling.
What are the limitations of A36 carbon steel? The main limitations include its low strength-to-weight ratio, lower strength compared to 1018 steel, and difficulty in accurately determining its precise carbon content.
Can A36 engineering steel be used in high-stress applications? Yes, A36's combination of machinability, strength, and durability makes it ideal for high-stress applications like bridge and building construction.
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